Saturday 7 June 2014

How Capacitors Work

In a way, a capacitor is a little like a battery. Although they work in completely different ways, capacitors and batteries both store electrical energy. If you have read How Batteries Work, then you know that a battery has two terminals. Inside the battery, chemical reactions produce electrons on one terminal and absorb electrons on the other terminal. A capacitor is much simpler than a battery, as it can't produce new electrons -- it only stores them.

In this article, we'll learn exactly what a capacitor is, what it does and how it's used in electronics. We'll also look at the history of the capacitor and how several people helped shape its progress.
Inside the capacitor, the terminals connect to two metal plates separated by a non-conducting substance, or dielectric. You can easily make a capacitor from two pieces of aluminum foil and a piece of paper. It won't be a particularly good capacitor in terms of its storage capacity, but it will work.
In theory, the dielectric can be any non-conductive substance. However, for practical applications, specific materials are used that best suit the capacitor's function. Mica, ceramic, cellulose, porcelain, Mylar, Teflon and even air are some of the non-conductive materials used. The dielectric dictates what kind of capacitor it is and for what it is best suited. Depending on the size and type of dielectric, some capacitors are better for high frequency uses, while some are better for high voltage applications. Capacitors can be manufactured to serve any purpose, from the smallest plastic capacitor in your calculator, to an ultra capacitor that can power a commuter bus. NASA uses glass capacitors to help wake up the space shuttle's circuitry and help deploy space probes. Here are some of the various types of capacitors and how they are used.
  • Air - Often used in radio tuning circuits
  • Mylar - Most commonly used for timer circuits like clocks, alarms and counters
  • Glass - Good for high voltage applications
  • Ceramic - Used for high frequency purposes like antennas, X-ray and MRI machines
  • Super capacitor - Powers electric and hybrid cars
T professionals have to work constantly to ensure that their skills are up to date. Today, IT pros must guarantee that their cloud-focused skills are resume-ready. And just what are those skills? According to a Forbes.com blog post by contributor Joe McKendrick, there are eight key skills. To those, I add two more.
1. Business and financial skills
The intersection of business and technology is always an overarching concern, but it is especially so when it comes to cloud-based computing.
2. Technical skills
With the cloud, organizations can streamline their IT resources, offloading much of day-to-day systems and application management. But that doesn’t mean IT abdicates all responsibility. There’s a need for language skills to build applications that can run quickly on the Internet.
3. Enterprise architecture and business needs analysis
Cloud computing requires that IT pros cross disciplines, especially where service-oriented architecture comes into play.
4. Project management skills
Organizations must not let the flexibility of the cloud lead to missed deadlines or amorphous goals. That could negate the cloud cost advantage.
5. Contract and vendor negotiation skills
To deal with service-level agreements—and the problems involved when those SLAs are breached—IT pros need experience with contract and vendor negotiations.
6. Security and compliance
IT professionals dealing with the cloud must have a firm grasp of security protocols and the regulatory mandates related to their industries, both within and without the United States.
7. Data integration and analysis skills
IT pros may not be data scientists, but to take advantage of big data, they do need to help data scientists hook up big data, internal ERP, data warehouse and other data systems, and work with the business side to make effective use of big data.
8. Mobile app development and management
Organizations need to think about what kind of mobile experience they are offering to customers via the cloud and how they would like to improve that down the line.
As enterprise cloud computing evolves, it is important to add two more skills to the list:
9. Knowledge of open hybrid clouds
IT is not homogeneous, and neither should your cloud computing model be. IT pros need to understand how to build and extend their companies’ cloud computing infrastructure in a way that is open.
10. Understanding of OpenStack
In order to build the kind of flexible, secure, interoperable cloud infrastructure mentioned above, IT pros must have a strong understanding of the technology required to make it so. OpenStack is a key component. OpenStack, a collaboration of developers and cloud computing technologists, comprises a series of projects delivering various components for a cloud infrastructure solution.
What other skills do IT professionals need to have in order to enable their organizations to successfully tap into the benefits of cloud computing? Are there any IT skills that the cloud is making obsolete? We welcome your insight in the comments section.
- See more at: http://www.buildyourbestcloud.com/147/10-skills-it-pros-need-cloud-computing#sthash.PMI94MOF.dpuf
T professionals have to work constantly to ensure that their skills are up to date. Today, IT pros must guarantee that their cloud-focused skills are resume-ready. And just what are those skills? According to a Forbes.com blog post by contributor Joe McKendrick, there are eight key skills. To those, I add two more.
1. Business and financial skills
The intersection of business and technology is always an overarching concern, but it is especially so when it comes to cloud-based computing.
2. Technical skills
With the cloud, organizations can streamline their IT resources, offloading much of day-to-day systems and application management. But that doesn’t mean IT abdicates all responsibility. There’s a need for language skills to build applications that can run quickly on the Internet.
3. Enterprise architecture and business needs analysis
Cloud computing requires that IT pros cross disciplines, especially where service-oriented architecture comes into play.
4. Project management skills
Organizations must not let the flexibility of the cloud lead to missed deadlines or amorphous goals. That could negate the cloud cost advantage.
5. Contract and vendor negotiation skills
To deal with service-level agreements—and the problems involved when those SLAs are breached—IT pros need experience with contract and vendor negotiations.
6. Security and compliance
IT professionals dealing with the cloud must have a firm grasp of security protocols and the regulatory mandates related to their industries, both within and without the United States.
7. Data integration and analysis skills
IT pros may not be data scientists, but to take advantage of big data, they do need to help data scientists hook up big data, internal ERP, data warehouse and other data systems, and work with the business side to make effective use of big data.
8. Mobile app development and management
Organizations need to think about what kind of mobile experience they are offering to customers via the cloud and how they would like to improve that down the line.
As enterprise cloud computing evolves, it is important to add two more skills to the list:
9. Knowledge of open hybrid clouds
IT is not homogeneous, and neither should your cloud computing model be. IT pros need to understand how to build and extend their companies’ cloud computing infrastructure in a way that is open.
10. Understanding of OpenStack
In order to build the kind of flexible, secure, interoperable cloud infrastructure mentioned above, IT pros must have a strong understanding of the technology required to make it so. OpenStack is a key component. OpenStack, a collaboration of developers and cloud computing technologists, comprises a series of projects delivering various components for a cloud infrastructure solution.
What other skills do IT professionals need to have in order to enable their organizations to successfully tap into the benefits of cloud computing? Are there any IT skills that the cloud is making obsolete? We welcome your insight in the comments section.
- See more at: http://www.buildyourbestcloud.com/147/10-skills-it-pros-need-cloud-computing#sthash.PMI94MOF.dpuf
T professionals have to work constantly to ensure that their skills are up to date. Today, IT pros must guarantee that their cloud-focused skills are resume-ready. And just what are those skills? According to a Forbes.com blog post by contributor Joe McKendrick, there are eight key skills. To those, I add two more.
1. Business and financial skills
The intersection of business and technology is always an overarching concern, but it is especially so when it comes to cloud-based computing.
2. Technical skills
With the cloud, organizations can streamline their IT resources, offloading much of day-to-day systems and application management. But that doesn’t mean IT abdicates all responsibility. There’s a need for language skills to build applications that can run quickly on the Internet.
3. Enterprise architecture and business needs analysis
Cloud computing requires that IT pros cross disciplines, especially where service-oriented architecture comes into play.
4. Project management skills
Organizations must not let the flexibility of the cloud lead to missed deadlines or amorphous goals. That could negate the cloud cost advantage.
5. Contract and vendor negotiation skills
To deal with service-level agreements—and the problems involved when those SLAs are breached—IT pros need experience with contract and vendor negotiations.
6. Security and compliance
IT professionals dealing with the cloud must have a firm grasp of security protocols and the regulatory mandates related to their industries, both within and without the United States.
7. Data integration and analysis skills
IT pros may not be data scientists, but to take advantage of big data, they do need to help data scientists hook up big data, internal ERP, data warehouse and other data systems, and work with the business side to make effective use of big data.
8. Mobile app development and management
Organizations need to think about what kind of mobile experience they are offering to customers via the cloud and how they would like to improve that down the line.
As enterprise cloud computing evolves, it is important to add two more skills to the list:
9. Knowledge of open hybrid clouds
IT is not homogeneous, and neither should your cloud computing model be. IT pros need to understand how to build and extend their companies’ cloud computing infrastructure in a way that is open.
10. Understanding of OpenStack
In order to build the kind of flexible, secure, interoperable cloud infrastructure mentioned above, IT pros must have a strong understanding of the technology required to make it so. OpenStack is a key component. OpenStack, a collaboration of developers and cloud computing technologists, comprises a series of projects delivering various components for a cloud infrastructure solution.
What other skills do IT professionals need to have in order to enable their organizations to successfully tap into the benefits of cloud computing? Are there any IT skills that the cloud is making obsolete? We welcome your insight in the comments section.
- See more at: http://www.buildyourbestcloud.com/147/10-skills-it-pros-need-cloud-computing#sthash.PMI94MOF.dpuf
T professionals have to work constantly to ensure that their skills are up to date. Today, IT pros must guarantee that their cloud-focused skills are resume-ready. And just what are those skills? According to a Forbes.com blog post by contributor Joe McKendrick, there are eight key skills. To those, I add two more.
1. Business and financial skills
The intersection of business and technology is always an overarching concern, but it is especially so when it comes to cloud-based computing.
2. Technical skills
With the cloud, organizations can streamline their IT resources, offloading much of day-to-day systems and application management. But that doesn’t mean IT abdicates all responsibility. There’s a need for language skills to build applications that can run quickly on the Internet.
3. Enterprise architecture and business needs analysis
Cloud computing requires that IT pros cross disciplines, especially where service-oriented architecture comes into play.
4. Project management skills
Organizations must not let the flexibility of the cloud lead to missed deadlines or amorphous goals. That could negate the cloud cost advantage.
5. Contract and vendor negotiation skills
To deal with service-level agreements—and the problems involved when those SLAs are breached—IT pros need experience with contract and vendor negotiations.
6. Security and compliance
IT professionals dealing with the cloud must have a firm grasp of security protocols and the regulatory mandates related to their industries, both within and without the United States.
7. Data integration and analysis skills
IT pros may not be data scientists, but to take advantage of big data, they do need to help data scientists hook up big data, internal ERP, data warehouse and other data systems, and work with the business side to make effective use of big data.
8. Mobile app development and management
Organizations need to think about what kind of mobile experience they are offering to customers via the cloud and how they would like to improve that down the line.
As enterprise cloud computing evolves, it is important to add two more skills to the list:
9. Knowledge of open hybrid clouds
IT is not homogeneous, and neither should your cloud computing model be. IT pros need to understand how to build and extend their companies’ cloud computing infrastructure in a way that is open.
10. Understanding of OpenStack
In order to build the kind of flexible, secure, interoperable cloud infrastructure mentioned above, IT pros must have a strong understanding of the technology required to make it so. OpenStack is a key component. OpenStack, a collaboration of developers and cloud computing technologists, comprises a series of projects delivering various components for a cloud infrastructure solution.
What other skills do IT professionals need to have in order to enable their organizations to successfully tap into the benefits of cloud computing? Are there any IT skills that the cloud is making obsolete? We welcome your insight in the comments section.
- See more at: http://www.buildyourbestcloud.com/147/10-skills-it-pros-need-cloud-computing#sthash.PMI94MOF.dpuf

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